قواعدِ اردو (Qawaid-e-Urdu) includes several key components that govern the structure and usage of the Urdu language:
- صرف (Sarf) – Morphology: The study of word formation and structure, including root words, prefixes, suffixes, and inflections.
- نحو (Nahw) – Syntax: The rules governing sentence structure, word order, and the relationship between words in a sentence.
- ترکیب (Tarkeeb) – Composition: The process of combining words to form phrases and sentences.
- املاء (Imla) – Orthography: The rules for writing Urdu correctly, including spelling, punctuation, and diacritical marks.
- تلفظ (Talafuz) – Pronunciation: The correct way to pronounce Urdu words, including intonation and stress patterns.
- جملہ سازی (Jumla Saazi) – Sentence Formation: The art of constructing sentences that are grammatically correct and contextually appropriate.
- زبان کی اقسام (Zuban Ki Aqsam) – Parts of Speech: Classification of words into categories like nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, etc.
- مذکر اور مؤنث (Muzakkar aur Moannas) – Gender: The rules governing masculine and feminine nouns and their agreement with other parts of speech.
- جمع اور واحد (Jama aur Wahid) – Singular and Plural: The rules for forming singular and plural nouns and their agreement in sentences.
- سرف و نحو (Sarf o Nahw) – Morphology and Syntax: A comprehensive understanding of word forms and sentence structures.
These components collectively form the foundation of Urdu grammar and are essential for mastering the language.
